Before you seriously consider keeping a capybara as a pet, I can urge you to do the research. Colorado The only exotic animals allowed as pets in Colorado are those deemed safe by the Department of Natural Resources. Animals exhibiting signs and symptoms of distress should be seen by a veterinarian immediately. Capybaras are a terminally chill animal, and they are pros at sleeping, snacking, and of course, chillin'. No. In rare cases, wild whitetails can live for Sign up for the Field & Stream newsletter and get the latest intelligence straight to your inbox. BROOKFIELD, Ill. -- The Brookfield Zoo in the suburbs of Chicago, Illinois, welcomed a male and two female capybaras, some of the world's largest rodents. The law considers non-domestic cats and dogs, bears, primates, elephants, rhinos, many reptiles, and other animals to be dangerous wild animals. Parrots and pet softbills fit nearly every definition of "exotic" animals: they are not domesticated (despite extensive captive breeding), so they retain most of their wild behaviors and are high-maintenance, even somewhat difficult, pets. Delaware state law requires permits for most wild mammals and hybrids. Many European countries do not allow the keeping of wild animals as pets. Wolf dogs are rarely excluded from the definition, and sometimes purebred dogs are euthanized merely due to the resemblance to their wild ancestors. Here is a list of restricted aquatic species by state. After reading my blogs, they realized how little they knew and became much stricter in granting permits! Yes, capybaras are legal in some parts of Canada and the United States. Steven Hill Question: Are ringtail cats legal to own in Florida? A wild breeding population is said to exist in northern Florida, and researchers there have been observing the animals since at least 2016. ._1EPynDYoibfs7nDggdH7Gq{margin-bottom:8px;position:relative}._1EPynDYoibfs7nDggdH7Gq._3-0c12FCnHoLz34dQVveax{max-height:63px;overflow:hidden}._1zPvgKHteTOub9dKkvrOl4{font-family:Noto Sans,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:21px;font-weight:400;word-wrap:break-word}._1dp4_svQVkkuV143AIEKsf{-ms-flex-align:baseline;align-items:baseline;background-color:var(--newCommunityTheme-body);bottom:-2px;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;padding-left:2px;position:absolute;right:-8px}._5VBcBVybCfosCzMJlXzC3{font-family:Noto Sans,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:400;line-height:21px;color:var(--newCommunityTheme-bodyText)}._3YNtuKT-Is6XUBvdluRTyI{position:relative;background-color:0;color:var(--newCommunityTheme-metaText);fill:var(--newCommunityTheme-metaText);border:0;padding:0 8px}._3YNtuKT-Is6XUBvdluRTyI:before{content:"";position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border-radius:9999px;background:var(--newCommunityTheme-metaText);opacity:0}._3YNtuKT-Is6XUBvdluRTyI:hover:before{opacity:.08}._3YNtuKT-Is6XUBvdluRTyI:focus{outline:none}._3YNtuKT-Is6XUBvdluRTyI:focus:before{opacity:.16}._3YNtuKT-Is6XUBvdluRTyI._2Z_0gYdq8Wr3FulRLZXC3e:before,._3YNtuKT-Is6XUBvdluRTyI:active:before{opacity:.24}._3YNtuKT-Is6XUBvdluRTyI:disabled,._3YNtuKT-Is6XUBvdluRTyI[data-disabled],._3YNtuKT-Is6XUBvdluRTyI[disabled]{cursor:not-allowed;filter:grayscale(1);background:none;color:var(--newCommunityTheme-metaTextAlpha50);fill:var(--newCommunityTheme-metaTextAlpha50)}._2ZTVnRPqdyKo1dA7Q7i4EL{transition:all .1s linear 0s}.k51Bu_pyEfHQF6AAhaKfS{transition:none}._2qi_L6gKnhyJ0ZxPmwbDFK{transition:all .1s linear 0s;display:block;background-color:var(--newCommunityTheme-field);border-radius:4px;padding:8px;margin-bottom:12px;margin-top:8px;border:1px solid var(--newCommunityTheme-canvas);cursor:pointer}._2qi_L6gKnhyJ0ZxPmwbDFK:focus{outline:none}._2qi_L6gKnhyJ0ZxPmwbDFK:hover{border:1px solid var(--newCommunityTheme-button)}._2qi_L6gKnhyJ0ZxPmwbDFK._3GG6tRGPPJiejLqt2AZfh4{transition:none;border:1px solid var(--newCommunityTheme-button)}.IzSmZckfdQu5YP9qCsdWO{cursor:pointer;transition:all .1s linear 0s}.IzSmZckfdQu5YP9qCsdWO ._1EPynDYoibfs7nDggdH7Gq{border:1px solid transparent;border-radius:4px;transition:all .1s linear 0s}.IzSmZckfdQu5YP9qCsdWO:hover ._1EPynDYoibfs7nDggdH7Gq{border:1px solid var(--newCommunityTheme-button);padding:4px}._1YvJWALkJ8iKZxUU53TeNO{font-size:12px;font-weight:700;line-height:16px;color:var(--newCommunityTheme-button)}._3adDzm8E3q64yWtEcs5XU7{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}._3adDzm8E3q64yWtEcs5XU7 ._3jyKpErOrdUDMh0RFq5V6f{-ms-flex:100%;flex:100%}._3adDzm8E3q64yWtEcs5XU7 .dqhlvajEe-qyxij0jNsi0{color:var(--newCommunityTheme-button)}._3adDzm8E3q64yWtEcs5XU7 ._12nHw-MGuz_r1dQx5YPM2v,._3adDzm8E3q64yWtEcs5XU7 .dqhlvajEe-qyxij0jNsi0{font-size:12px;font-weight:700;line-height:16px;cursor:pointer;-ms-flex-item-align:end;align-self:flex-end;-webkit-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none}._3adDzm8E3q64yWtEcs5XU7 ._12nHw-MGuz_r1dQx5YPM2v{color:var(--newCommunityTheme-button);margin-right:8px;color:var(--newCommunityTheme-errorText)}._3zTJ9t4vNwm1NrIaZ35NS6{font-family:Noto Sans,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:21px;font-weight:400;word-wrap:break-word;width:100%;padding:0;border:none;background-color:transparent;resize:none;outline:none;cursor:pointer;color:var(--newRedditTheme-bodyText)}._2JIiUcAdp9rIhjEbIjcuQ-{resize:none;cursor:auto}._2I2LpaEhGCzQ9inJMwliNO,._42Nh7O6pFcqnA6OZd3bOK{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;vertical-align:middle}._42Nh7O6pFcqnA6OZd3bOK{fill:var(--newCommunityTheme-button);color:var(--newCommunityTheme-button);height:16px;width:16px;margin-bottom:2px} Peoples definitions of an exotic animal vary. Several sightings suggest they have been breeding, biologist and capybara researcher Elizabeth Congdon told Science News back in 2016, adding that, they might be able to make a go of it in the United States.. Iowa is pretty straightforward with its exotic animal laws. They are also legal in: Ohio, Florida, Wisconsin, Arkansas, and Michigan, and there are likely to be others. It is much more difficult to get permission to keep a pet capybara in Europe, where animal welfare laws tend to be much stricter. .LalRrQILNjt65y-p-QlWH{fill:var(--newRedditTheme-actionIcon);height:18px;width:18px}.LalRrQILNjt65y-p-QlWH rect{stroke:var(--newRedditTheme-metaText)}._3J2-xIxxxP9ISzeLWCOUVc{height:18px}.FyLpt0kIWG1bTDWZ8HIL1{margin-top:4px}._2ntJEAiwKXBGvxrJiqxx_2,._1SqBC7PQ5dMOdF0MhPIkA8{vertical-align:middle}._1SqBC7PQ5dMOdF0MhPIkA8{-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center} Capys need a lot of sunlight, otherwise their bones become porous from lack of vitamin D. The choice is either paying for Sun lamps or keeping an animal that will suffer many infections and have a very short lifespan. Hope you find a capy for her to cuddle! Bowfishermen have been known to bag all sorts of exotic quarry, but an Illinois sportsman just raised the bar for strangest catch of the year by shooting an 80-pound capybara while bowfishing on the St. Marys River. I can't find much info online. Please also read these 2 blogs: This condition restricts potentially dangerous animals. Animals like muntjac deer could be regulated with other deer, despite their small size. can you own a tamandua in tennessee without a license. It's fine to have "wild animals" as you're exotic pets. ), walking catfish, and lampreys, which have caused massive ecological damage in some parts of the U.S. The harvest appears to be a mature capybara. The man, whos name has not been released, was featured with his kill on the Facebook page of a southern Illinois hunting group. Unless I bred them, but you get the point!). Permits are required for the importation, transportation and possession of wildlife that is illegally possessed. Are fennecs or genets legal in New Mexico? jendrea000@Yahoo.com on December 27, 2017: Exotic animals extracted from their natural environment afect the local natural system. PLEASE READ THEM. Answer: Yes, but you would need a permit. Big cats can be divided into two categories. New York law states that you are not allowed to own wild animals, including non-native cats or dogs, bears, crocodiles, poisonous reptiles, and primates. And if you could please list all exotic pets that are legal in NewYork State, that would be nice, but you don't have to if you don't want. Question: Can you own a capybara in South Carolina? Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. Judson, a retiree from Cody, Wyoming, shows a rarely seen battle between a mature bull elk and a grizzly bear. One example is North Carolina, but many counties in this state not only ban these animals, but also heavily restrict more common exotics. Here's his full story. http://lawfilesext.leg.wa.gov/biennium/2007-08/Pdf c 238 4. Big cats are considered class 1 wildlife and are not legal to own for private use (but can be obtained for commercial use). In recent years, capybaras have become increasingly popular as pets in homes across the country. Although mostly adorable and sweet, capybaras can be a challenging pet. Although they are not predators themselves, capybaras pose a threat to wildlife and plants, and many states have banned them for this reason. Are capybaras legal in Oregon? HubPages is a registered trademark of The Arena Platform, Inc. Other product and company names shown may be trademarks of their respective owners. From left, bobcat by John Fowler, lemur by Thowra_uk, wolf by Rexano (used with permission), and fennec fox by Kitty Terwolbeck, CC BY 2.0, via Flickr. Ms. Judson, who captures videos primarily to share with her grandchildren, had been living in a tent since the end of May. Which exotic pets are legal in the United States? This article is accurate and true to the best of the authors knowledge. Arizona`s administrative code states that it is illegal to own non-domestic dogs and cats, primates (except non-infant primates free of zoonoses), alligators, crocodiles, venomous snakes, and many others. Answer: PA has strange rules that make most exotics illegal. I cannot find any exotic animal ordinance that mentions squirrels, but they are likely covered under 'wildlife' or 'game' laws. A quick Google search turns up numerous blog posts about the ins and outs of capybara-keeping, and people who house the large exotic rodents as in-home companions claim they are smart and sociable. At the time that God gave mankind dominion over the animals, humans did not eat meat (Genesis 1:29). They can cause severe damage to aquatic ecosystems, according to APHIS. Or maybe cuteness?? Doing so will prevent you from being able to get your animals vet care and put them at risk of being seen by a neighbor and others. Question: What state has the least restrictive laws regarding exotic pets? "A person may not own, harbor, or have custody or control of a dangerous wild animal for any purpose unless the person holds a certificate of registration for that animal issued by an animal registration agency.". According to Science News, that population was about 50 capybaras strong as of August 2016, and it may have originated from a group that escaped from a wildlife research facility near Gainesville in 1995. They are native to. /*# sourceMappingURL=https://www.redditstatic.com/desktop2x/chunkCSS/IdCard.ea0ac1df4e6491a16d39_.css.map*/._2JU2WQDzn5pAlpxqChbxr7{height:16px;margin-right:8px;width:16px}._3E45je-29yDjfFqFcLCXyH{margin-top:16px}._13YtS_rCnVZG1ns2xaCalg{font-family:Noto Sans,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:400;line-height:18px;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}._1m5fPZN4q3vKVg9SgU43u2{margin-top:12px}._17A-IdW3j1_fI_pN-8tMV-{display:inline-block;margin-bottom:8px;margin-right:5px}._5MIPBF8A9vXwwXFumpGqY{border-radius:20px;font-size:12px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:0;line-height:16px;padding:3px 10px;text-transform:none}._5MIPBF8A9vXwwXFumpGqY:focus{outline:unset} For lots of wild animals such as animals of the canine or feline family can show signs of stress being retrained even if you give them large areas. New York City is famous among exotic pet enthusiasts for its absurd pet restrictions. Question: Are lemurs legal to own as pets in Arizona? Fennec foxes are common exotic mammal pets that are legal in New York (the definition of wild animal specifically excludes them). Capybara. Is it legal to own a rusty spotted cat in Virginia? They can weigh more than 140 pounds and stand 2 feet high at the shoulder. Can i own a tiger and a lion at a same time in nevada does it have any requirements? And are they legal to own in Illinois? One photograph shows a fat, sleek, apparently healthy capybara standing on a riverbank in daylight. So how did a tropical rodent the size of a Labrador retriever end up in Illinois? As always, double check the information you find here to make sure it is up to date. As for some regions, you need a certificate or permit to have this animal in your possession. ._2a172ppKObqWfRHr8eWBKV{-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;margin-right:8px}._39-woRduNuowN7G4JTW4I8{margin-top:12px}._136QdRzXkGKNtSQ-h1fUru{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin:8px 0;width:100%}.r51dfG6q3N-4exmkjHQg_{font-size:10px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.5px;line-height:12px;text-transform:uppercase;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center}.r51dfG6q3N-4exmkjHQg_,._2BnLYNBALzjH6p_ollJ-RF{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}._2BnLYNBALzjH6p_ollJ-RF{margin-left:auto}._1-25VxiIsZFVU88qFh-T8p{padding:0}._2nxyf8XcTi2UZsUInEAcPs._2nxyf8XcTi2UZsUInEAcPs{color:var(--newCommunityTheme-widgetColors-sidebarWidgetTextColor)} Each province in Canada has their own rules and regulations for capyaras. And are they legal to own in Illinois? Just $1 per month , The large rodents are native to South America, but some say theyve seen them in the U.S., too, By ._2FKpII1jz0h6xCAw1kQAvS{background-color:#fff;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,.1),0 2px 3px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2);transition:left .15s linear;border-radius:57%;width:57%}._2FKpII1jz0h6xCAw1kQAvS:after{content:"";padding-top:100%;display:block}._2e2g485kpErHhJQUiyvvC2{-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start;background-color:var(--newCommunityTheme-navIconFaded10);border:2px solid transparent;border-radius:100px;cursor:pointer;position:relative;width:35px;transition:border-color .15s linear,background-color .15s linear}._2e2g485kpErHhJQUiyvvC2._3kUvbpMbR21zJBboDdBH7D{background-color:var(--newRedditTheme-navIconFaded10)}._2e2g485kpErHhJQUiyvvC2._3kUvbpMbR21zJBboDdBH7D._1L5kUnhRYhUJ4TkMbOTKkI{background-color:var(--newRedditTheme-active)}._2e2g485kpErHhJQUiyvvC2._3kUvbpMbR21zJBboDdBH7D._1L5kUnhRYhUJ4TkMbOTKkI._3clF3xRMqSWmoBQpXv8U5z{background-color:var(--newRedditTheme-buttonAlpha10)}._2e2g485kpErHhJQUiyvvC2._1asGWL2_XadHoBuUlNArOq{border-width:2.25px;height:24px;width:37.5px}._2e2g485kpErHhJQUiyvvC2._1asGWL2_XadHoBuUlNArOq ._2FKpII1jz0h6xCAw1kQAvS{height:19.5px;width:19.5px}._2e2g485kpErHhJQUiyvvC2._1hku5xiXsbqzLmszstPyR3{border-width:3px;height:32px;width:50px}._2e2g485kpErHhJQUiyvvC2._1hku5xiXsbqzLmszstPyR3 ._2FKpII1jz0h6xCAw1kQAvS{height:26px;width:26px}._2e2g485kpErHhJQUiyvvC2._10hZCcuqkss2sf5UbBMCSD{border-width:3.75px;height:40px;width:62.5px}._2e2g485kpErHhJQUiyvvC2._10hZCcuqkss2sf5UbBMCSD ._2FKpII1jz0h6xCAw1kQAvS{height:32.5px;width:32.5px}._2e2g485kpErHhJQUiyvvC2._1fCdbQCDv6tiX242k80-LO{border-width:4.5px;height:48px;width:75px}._2e2g485kpErHhJQUiyvvC2._1fCdbQCDv6tiX242k80-LO ._2FKpII1jz0h6xCAw1kQAvS{height:39px;width:39px}._2e2g485kpErHhJQUiyvvC2._2Jp5Pv4tgpAsTcnUzTsXgO{border-width:5.25px;height:56px;width:87.5px}._2e2g485kpErHhJQUiyvvC2._2Jp5Pv4tgpAsTcnUzTsXgO ._2FKpII1jz0h6xCAw1kQAvS{height:45.5px;width:45.5px}._2e2g485kpErHhJQUiyvvC2._1L5kUnhRYhUJ4TkMbOTKkI{-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;background-color:var(--newCommunityTheme-active)}._2e2g485kpErHhJQUiyvvC2._3clF3xRMqSWmoBQpXv8U5z{cursor:default}._2e2g485kpErHhJQUiyvvC2._3clF3xRMqSWmoBQpXv8U5z ._2FKpII1jz0h6xCAw1kQAvS{box-shadow:none}._2e2g485kpErHhJQUiyvvC2._1L5kUnhRYhUJ4TkMbOTKkI._3clF3xRMqSWmoBQpXv8U5z{background-color:var(--newCommunityTheme-buttonAlpha10)} In Illinois, it is illegal to own a capybara in the wild or to release them into the wild. My girlfriend really wants to see a capybara in person(possibly pet one as well) and we live in Chicago. Answer: Yes, you can own a wallaby in Ohio. If you had a primate under 35 pounds before october 1, 2010 at maturity, you can keep ownership of that animal. ._1sDtEhccxFpHDn2RUhxmSq{font-family:Noto Sans,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:400;line-height:18px;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap}._1d4NeAxWOiy0JPz7aXRI64{color:var(--newCommunityTheme-metaText)}.icon._3tMM22A0evCEmrIk-8z4zO{margin:-2px 8px 0 0} The 7-year-old Portuguese water dog, owned by Vail resident Jen Mason, ran out of Katzs sight when it was shot with an arrow. Is it Illegal to Have a Pet Lemur in Wisconsin as a Exotic Animal? This semi-aquatic rodent is legal to own in Texas, Pennsylvania, and parts of New York. Larger reptiles, such as large constrictor snakes, crocodilians, and monitor lizards, are the most commonly restricted reptiles. First, make sure there is an exotics veterinarian in your area who has experience treating large rodents like capybaras. I was looking all over the internet and I can't seem to find an answer, so I came to ask you, are viverrids, such as the Asian Palm Civet, legal in NewYork State? Even if they are raised . They are illegal to own in California and Georgia. 7650, 7694, 7712, 7724, 7756, and 7771: One of three capybaras that can be seen at Brookfield Zoo. I want a Caracal but they are banned in alot of states. Non-native raccoons can be kept as pets with proper veterinary examination certification and proof of legal ownership. Answer: No, only special circumstances will allow most state agencies to give pet permits to people. Answer: Lemurs are legal in a small number of states, including Ohio, Nevada, Florida, and North Carolina. Sloths are also legal in very many places in the United States. Answer: No, but there are quite a few states that allow it. Since these rodents are not small pets, they need a lot of space to run around.The best environment for a capybara pet is an enclosure where they have access to water because they love to swim. 2023 The Arena Media Brands, LLC and respective content providers on this website. Can you own a bush baby in South Carolina? Also in North Carolina, special regulations exist for native felines. Can you have a possum as. Question: Do I need a license to own a boa constrictor? The last time the species resided at Brookfield Zoo was in 1977over 40 years ago. It is completely legal to adopt and breed a capybara in the state. In some countries, you may be able to keep a capybara as a pet if you meet very strict requirements. Answer: Rhode Island only gives permits to accredited zoos. New York specifically excludes them from the definition of a "wild" animal. I want to get a fox, capybara, or a leopard cat (although those are endangered and I wouldn't be helping by adopting one. This law further restricts the capture and possession of poisonous reptiles and other affected reptiles, unless the owner already has a permit before the law. Nevada and North Carolina are good for many large carnivores. From a legal standpoint, owning an otter can be trickier than a skunk, but it is possible. Question: Can you own an otter in Connecticut? Parts of New York State will allow ownership of Capybaras. Commonly kept herbivorous birds (hookbills, small softbills) are mostly legal in all states, including California, despite its extensive bans against "exotic" pets. The Arena Media Brands, LLC and respective content providers to this website may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. The website may not contain the most up-to-date information, but it is a good place to start. I can't help it, I love this question :-) You're too sweet. Size: Up to 150 lbs. Many suffer or died during transportation. Being a pet owner isnt for everyone. Regulations for exotic pets, such as this serval, vary from state to state. .c_dVyWK3BXRxSN3ULLJ_t{border-radius:4px 4px 0 0;height:34px;left:0;position:absolute;right:0;top:0}._1OQL3FCA9BfgI57ghHHgV3{-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start;margin-top:32px}._1OQL3FCA9BfgI57ghHHgV3 ._33jgwegeMTJ-FJaaHMeOjV{border-radius:9001px;height:32px;width:32px}._1OQL3FCA9BfgI57ghHHgV3 ._1wQQNkVR4qNpQCzA19X4B6{height:16px;margin-left:8px;width:200px}._39IvqNe6cqNVXcMFxFWFxx{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin:12px 0}._39IvqNe6cqNVXcMFxFWFxx ._29TSdL_ZMpyzfQ_bfdcBSc{-ms-flex:1;flex:1}._39IvqNe6cqNVXcMFxFWFxx .JEV9fXVlt_7DgH-zLepBH{height:18px;width:50px}._39IvqNe6cqNVXcMFxFWFxx ._3YCOmnWpGeRBW_Psd5WMPR{height:12px;margin-top:4px;width:60px}._2iO5zt81CSiYhWRF9WylyN{height:18px;margin-bottom:4px}._2iO5zt81CSiYhWRF9WylyN._2E9u5XvlGwlpnzki78vasG{width:230px}._2iO5zt81CSiYhWRF9WylyN.fDElwzn43eJToKzSCkejE{width:100%}._2iO5zt81CSiYhWRF9WylyN._2kNB7LAYYqYdyS85f8pqfi{width:250px}._2iO5zt81CSiYhWRF9WylyN._1XmngqAPKZO_1lDBwcQrR7{width:120px}._3XbVvl-zJDbcDeEdSgxV4_{border-radius:4px;height:32px;margin-top:16px;width:100%}._2hgXdc8jVQaXYAXvnqEyED{animation:_3XkHjK4wMgxtjzC1TvoXrb 1.5s ease infinite;background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--newCommunityTheme-field),var(--newCommunityTheme-inactive),var(--newCommunityTheme-field));background-size:200%}._1KWSZXqSM_BLhBzkPyJFGR{background-color:var(--newCommunityTheme-widgetColors-sidebarWidgetBackgroundColor);border-radius:4px;padding:12px;position:relative;width:auto} It is not meant to substitute for diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, prescription, or formal and individualized advice from a veterinary medical professional. Keep in mind, you have to buy at least two.